Na 2018, ahịa gas eletrọniki zuru ụwa ọnụ maka sekit agbakọtara ruru ijeri US $4.512, mmụba kwa afọ nke 16%. Ọnụego uto dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ gas pụrụ iche eletrọniki maka semiconductors na nnukwu nha ahịa emeela ka atụmatụ nnọchi anya ụlọ nke gas pụrụ iche eletrọniki dịkwuo ngwa ngwa!
Gịnị bụ gas elektrọn?
Gas eletrọniki na-ezo aka na ihe bụ isi e ji emepụta semiconductors, ihe ngosi panel dị larịị, diode ndị na-ewepụta ìhè, mkpụrụ ndụ anyanwụ na ngwaahịa eletrọniki ndị ọzọ, a na-ejikwa ya nke ọma na nhicha, ịcha ihe, ịmepụta ihe nkiri, doping na usoro ndị ọzọ. Ebe ndị bụ isi e ji gas eletrọniki eme ihe gụnyere ụlọ ọrụ eletrọniki, mkpụrụ ndụ anyanwụ, nkwukọrịta ekwentị, ịnya ụgbọ ala na sistemụ ọdịyo na vidiyo ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ elu, ụlọ ọrụ agha na ọtụtụ mpaghara ndị ọzọ.
Enwere ike kewaa gas pụrụ iche eletrọniki n'ime ụdị asaa dịka ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nke ya si dị: silicon, arsenic, phosphorus, boron, metal hydride, halide na metal alkoxide. Dịka ụzọ dị iche iche esi etinye ya na sekit ndị a na-ejikọta ọnụ si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime gas doping, epitaxy gas, ion implantation gas, light-emitting diode gas, etching gas, chemical vapor deposition gas na balance gas. E nwere ihe karịrị gas pụrụ iche nkeji 110 eji na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, nke a na-ejikarị ihe karịrị 30 eme ihe.
N'ozuzu, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta semiconductor na-ekewa gas n'ụdị abụọ: gas nkịtị na gas pụrụ iche. N'ime ha, gas a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-ezo aka na ọkọnọ etiti ma na-eji ọtụtụ gas, dịka N2, H2, O2, Ar, He, wdg. Gas pụrụ iche na-ezo aka na ụfọdụ gas kemịkalụ eji eme ihe na usoro mmepụta semiconductor, dịka ndọtị, ntinye ion, ngwakọta, ịsa, na nhazi ihe mkpuchi ihu, nke bụ ihe anyị na-akpọ ugbu a gas pụrụ iche eletrọniki, dị ka SiH4, PH3, AsH3, B2H6, N2O, NH3, SF6, NF3, CF4, BCl3, BF3, HCl, Cl2, wdg.
N'ime usoro mmepụta dum nke ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, site na uto chip ruo na ngwugwu ngwaọrụ ikpeazụ, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ njikọ niile enweghị ikewapụ na gas pụrụ iche nke eletrọniki, yana ụdị gas ejiri na ihe achọrọ dị elu, yabụ gas eletrọniki nwere ihe semiconductor. "Nri".
N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ihe ndị dị na China dịka semiconductor na panel ngosi amụbaala n'ike mmepụta ọhụrụ, a na-achọkwa nnukwu ọchịchọ maka nnọchi nke ihe kemịkalụ eletrọnịkị mbubata. Ọnọdụ gas eletrọnịkị na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor aghọọla ihe a na-ahụkarị. Ụlọ ọrụ gas eletrọnịkị dị n'ime obodo ga-ebute uto ngwa ngwa.
Gas pụrụ iche nke eletrọniki nwere nnukwu ihe achọrọ maka ịdị ọcha, n'ihi na ọ bụrụ na ịdị ọcha adịghị na ihe achọrọ, otu adịghị ọcha dịka mmiri uzuoku na oxygen dị na gas pụrụ iche eletrọniki ga-emepụta ihe nkiri oxide n'elu semiconductor, nke na-emetụta ndụ ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ eletrọniki, gas pụrụ iche eletrọniki nwekwara. Ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha nwere ike ibute sekit dị mkpirikpi na mmebi sekit semiconductor. Enwere ike ikwu na mmezi nke ịdị ọcha na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepụta na arụmọrụ nke mmepụta ngwaọrụ eletrọniki.
Site na mmepe na-aga n'ihu nke ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor, usoro mmepụta chip na-aga n'ihu na-aka mma, ugbu a ọ ruru 5nm, nke na-eru nso oke nke Moore's Law, nke hà nhata otu n'ime iri abụọ nke dayameta ntutu mmadụ (ihe dị ka 0.1 mm). Ya mere, nke a na-emekwa ka ihe dị elu karịa ịdị ọcha nke gas pụrụ iche eletrọniki nke semiconductor na-emepụta.
Oge ozi: Disemba-15-2021
