Ndị na-emepụta chip na-eche ihe ịma aka ọhụrụ ihu. Ụlọ ọrụ a nọ n'ihe ize ndụ ọhụrụ mgbe ọrịa COVID-19 kpatara nsogbu usoro ọkọnọ. Rọshịa, otu n'ime ndị na-ebubata gas dị ebube n'ụwa niile nke ejiri na mmepụta semiconductor, amalitela igbochi mbupụ ya na mba ndị ọ na-ewere dị ka ihe na-adịghị mma. Ndị a bụ gas "dị mma" dịkaneon, argon naheliọm.
Nke a bụ ngwaọrụ ọzọ nke mmetụta akụ na ụba Putin nwere n'ebe mba ndị tinyere iwu megide Moscow maka mwakpo Ukraine. Tupu agha ahụ, Russia na Ukraine jikọtara ọnụ na-enweta ihe dị ka pasentị iri atọ nke ihe ndị a na-enye.neondịka Bain & Company si kwuo, gas maka semiconductor na ihe ndị ọzọ e ji arụ ọrụ eletrọniki. Mmachibido mbupụ na-abịa n'oge ụlọ ọrụ na ndị ahịa ya na-amalite ịpụta site na nsogbu ọkọnọ kachasị njọ. N'afọ gara aga, ndị na-emepụta ụgbọala belatara mmepụta ụgbọala nke ukwuu n'ihi ụkọ chip, dịka LMC Automotive si kwuo. A na-atụ anya na nnyefe ga-aka mma n'ọkara nke abụọ nke afọ a.
Neonna-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepụta semiconductor ebe ọ gụnyere usoro a na-akpọ lithography. Gas ahụ na-achịkwa ogologo ebili mmiri nke ìhè laser na-emepụta, nke na-ede "ihe nrịbama" na wafer silicon. Tupu agha ahụ, Rọshịa chịkọtara ihe ndị e ji aka kpụọ.neondị ka ihe na-esi na ya apụta n'ụlọ ọrụ ígwè ya ma zigara ya Yukren maka ịsacha ya. Mba abụọ a bụ ndị na-emepụta gas dị ebube nke oge Soviet, nke Soviet Union ji wuo teknụzụ agha na mbara igwe, mana agha ahụ na Yukren mebiri ikike ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruo ogologo oge. Ọgụ siri ike n'ụfọdụ obodo Yukren, gụnyere Mariupol na Odessa, emebiela ala ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, na-eme ka ọ sie ike ibupụ ngwa ahịa site na mpaghara ahụ.
N'aka nke ọzọ, kemgbe mwakpo nke ndị Russia wakporo Crimea na 2014, ndị na-emepụta semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ anọgidela na-adabere na mpaghara ahụ nke nta nke nta.neongas na Ukraine na Russia anọwo n'etiti 80% na 90% n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, mana ọ daala kemgbe 2014. erughị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ. Ọ dị oke ngwa ngwa ikwu otú mmachibido mbupụ Russia ga-esi metụta ndị na-emepụta semiconductor. Ruo ugbu a, agha dị na Ukraine emebeghị ka ọkọnọ chips ghara ịdị irè.
Mana ọ bụrụgodị na ndị na-emepụta ihe enwee ike ịkwụ ụgwọ maka mmanụ ọkụ dị oke ọnụ ahịa na mpaghara ahụ, ha nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ karịa maka mmanụ ọkụ dị oke ọnụ ahịa. Ọ na-esiri ike ịchọpụta ọnụ ahịa ha n'ihi na a na-azụ ahịa ọtụtụ n'ime ha site na nkwekọrịta ogologo oge nkeonwe, mana dịka CNN si kwuo, dịka ndị ọkachamara si kwuo, ọnụ ahịa nkwekọrịta maka mmanụ ọkụ neon amụbaala okpukpu ise kemgbe mwakpo nke Ukraine ma ga-anọgide na ọkwa a ruo ogologo oge.
South Korea, ebe Samsung, bụ ebe nnukwu teknụzụ dị, ga-abụ onye mbụ ga-enwe "ihe mgbu" n'ihi na ọ dabere kpamkpam na mbubata gas dị mma, n'adịghị ka US, Japan na Europe, enweghị ụlọ ọrụ gas buru ibu nke nwere ike ịbawanye mmepụta. N'afọ gara aga, Samsung Ọ gafere Intel na United States iji bụrụ onye nrụpụta semiconductor kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa. Mba dị iche iche na-agba ọsọ ugbu a iji bulie ikike mmepụta chip ha mgbe afọ abụọ nke ọrịa a gasịrị, na-eme ka ha nwee nsogbu n'usoro ọkọnọ zuru ụwa ọnụ.
Intel kwere nkwa inyere gọọmentị US aka, ma na mbido afọ a kwupụtara na ya ga-etinye ego ruru ijeri dọla iri abụọ n'ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ abụọ. N'afọ gara aga, Samsung kwekwara nkwa iwu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ruru ijeri dọla iri na asaa na Texas. Mmụba mmepụta chip nwere ike ibute nnukwu ọchịchọ maka gas dị mma. Ka Russia na-eyi egwu igbochi mbupụ ya, China nwere ike ịbụ otu n'ime ndị mmeri kachasị ukwuu, ebe ọ bụ na o nwere ikike mmepụta kachasị na nke kachasị ọhụrụ. Kemgbe 2015, China na-etinye ego na ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor nke ya, gụnyere akụrụngwa dị mkpa iji kewapụ gas dị mma na ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ.
Oge ozi: Jun-23-2022
